Rotary motor.



PATBNTED 00T. 6, 1903".

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BATENTED 00T. e, 1903.

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A. PATSGHKE. o y MOTOR.

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Jmcscs L UNrTED STATES Patented October 6, 1 903.

PATENT rtree.'

ROTARY MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent o. 740,908, dated October6, 1903.

Application filed July 22, 1902. Serial llo. 116,591. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ARTHUR PATSCHKE, mechanical engineer, a subject ofthe Emperor of Germany, residing at Mlheim -on-the- Ruhr, RhenishPrussia, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements Relating to Rotary Motors, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to' rotary motors.

The object of the invention is to increase the speed, power, andefficiency of motors.

A further object is to simplify and improve the construction.

With the above and other objects in View,

which will be apparent from the accompany ing illustrations andfollowing description, the invention resides in the combination of arotary piston, a turbine, and means for operating said piston andturbine.

. The invention further resides in the particular assemblage of partsillustrated and described, .though I do not limit myself to lthespecific embodiment of the invention disclosed except as dened by thefollowing claims.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical section through the machine,partly on the line x of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section through thecylinder, piston, and drum on the linefccc of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is asection on the line y y of Fig. l. Fig. e shows the ring mounted aroundthe drum in cross-section. Fig. 51s an elevation of the said ring. Fig.6 is a cross-section through the drum with the packing-ring mounted uponits axis. Fig. 7 is a modification of the arrangement shown in Fie. 6.Fig. 8 is a section through the spring-governor on the line a a of Fig.l. Figs. 9 to l2 are views of the distributing-surfaces in development.

The machine consists of two makin partsthat is to say, of the cylinderwith rotary piston occupying the left-hand half of the drawing in Fig. land of the steam-turbine occupying the right-hand half of Fig. l. Thepiston ct of the rotary motor is rigidly connected with the maindriving-shaft b. Upon this latter is also rigidly mounted the turbine o,so that both parts of the machine rotate in rigid connection with eachother.

Fig. 2 shows the piston a and the drum d, in which the flat portion ofthe piston is displaced during the rotation, a packing c being provided.As stated above, the piston is connected withthe shaft b. The drum d ispivoted at f at a certain distance below the main shaft b, so that uponthe rotation ofthe piston a with the shaft b the drum d is caused torotate around the pivotf, which is mounted eccentrically thereto. Thedrum d, the interior of which is in communication with ahermetica-lly-closed space, is provided with an aperture which is closedin a steam-tight manner by means of packing e.- As this packing member eis of cylindrical form, it is able to rotate in the aperture of thedrum. Through this packingV member passes the piston ct, and in order toinsure as great tightness as possible adjustable bushes e' are providedupon both sides of the piston. The piston ct thus passes steam-tightthrough the packing member c and is displaced within this latter duringthe rotation.

The cylinder h, in which the piston, with its drum, rotates, is suppliedwith steam th rough an opening c', while the used steam escapes througha passage il', arranged upon the opposite side. In order to render thespace in front ofand behind the piston steam-tight and at the same timeto reduce the friction to a minimum, the rotating drum is packed bymeans of a fillet le in proximity tothe steam-admission aperture t'where it enters the wall of the cylinder. This fillet is rigidlyconnected with a ring It' 7a2, Figs. t and 5, which surrounds the drumand consists of two halves It' k2', so that it is 'capable ofadjustment. These two halves are connected one with the other by meansof screws 7c3. (See Fig. 5.) The fillet k itself is connected with thehorizontal iiange Its-of the lower half 71: of the ring. This flange 79Srests in a cylindrical part b4, which lies on a recess in the casing p.In order to obtain close but frictionless contact between the llet laand the drum, thin metal plates r are arranged be- ICO bar mayinvariably retain its proper position with respect to the drum, the ringk k2, connected with the said bar, is placed around the drum, as alreadystated. It does not participate in the rotation of the drum, but effectssomelateral movement with this latter.

Instead of placing the ring 7c 7a2 around the drum, as shown in Figs. land 2, it may also,

as shown in Fig. 6, be inserted in a special mortise d', formed in thedrum cl. In this case the ring consists of a kind of socket ai, which isconnected with an arm 71:6.

In Fig. 7 a modification is shown,in which the ring 7c engages on theshaftfof the drum d by means of a sleeve k7.

For the purpose of balancing the piston ct it is provided with acounterweight ct', Fig. 2. This latter is made of semicircular form inorder that the weight may not strike against the inner side of the drumd. The piston is also provided with a number of apertures d2, whichgradually become smaller from the outer end toward the middle point.These perforations serve to decrease the weight of the piston tothegreatest possible extent without prejudicially affecting its rigidity.The size and number of the apertures should be calculated in the samemanner as would be done in the case of a girder of similar strength. Inorder to render the weight of the piston as nearly as possible the sameas that of the counterweight, care must be taken that the centers ofgravity are situated at a corresponding distance from the point ofoscillation.

The shaftfis mounted in the cover Z of the machine, Fig. l, which isclosed by means of a special disk Z'. In this cover the rear wall m ot'the cylinder also engages, against the front face of which the piston aand drum bear. The other face against which the piston and the drum lieis formed by the casing. In order to exactly arrive at the intervalbetween the two faces, so that the piston and the drum are displaced ina steam-tight manner between the same Without experiencing unduefriction, this rear wall m is packed by means of intermediate layers nof thin metal strips between the cover Z, and similar strips n arearranged against the cylinder-casingp. If the piston and the drum havebecome somewhat worn upon the two flat surfaces, adjustment may beeffected either by removing some of the metal strips n to n or bysupplying additional strips.

The main shaft b passes through the cover Z2, (on the right-hand side ofFig. 1,) which closes the casing p. In the chamber formed between thiscover Z2 and the partition p2 of the casing are arranged the turbine cand the distributing-gear. The turbine c is provided with chambers orcells c in the ordinary manner, Fig. 3against which the fresh steamentering through the aperture o' strikes, thus causing the turbine torotate. The steam then passes between the periphery of the turbine andthe in zlosing casing into the steamchamberps, where thedistributing-gear is situated. Thisdistributing-gearconsistsoftwocylindrical sleeves q and q, exactly fitting one within the other. Theouter sleeve q' works steam-tight in the cylindrical recess in thecasing. From this recess p4 leads the inletpassage t' for the cylinderh, by means of which the piston ct is caused to rotate. In order topermit of causing varying quantities of steam to enter the cylinder, thesteam-passages and 3 must be capable of mutual adjustment by means ofthe sleeves q and q', so that when necessary the piston may be drivenwith full steam or with expansion. In order to effect this, thearrangement is as follows: Upon the main shaft b is mounted adriving-ring r, two arms upon which engage in the innersteam-distributing sleeve q and upon rotating drive this latter. Twoarms of a second driving-ring r also engage in this sleeve q. The hub r2of this second driver r/ is connected with a sleeve b2, which is capableof rotation, but not of longitudinal displacement, upon the shaft b. Thetenons upon the driver 7" engage in oblique slots s in thesteam-distributing sleeve q. When, therefore, the driver 7" rotatesagainst the driver o", the sleeve q is displaced parallel with thecenter of the shaft. Obviously the tenons of the driver must permit ofsuch a displacement, and consequently the correspending openings in thesleeve q, in which the tenons of the driver r engage, are made ofsuitable form.

The steam-passages i2 in the sleeve q are of triangular or of triangularand trapezium shape, as are also the openings in the sleeve q',according as it is desired to obtain a large or small feed. Figs. 9 andl0 show the faces of the two sleeves q and q/ flat or in development.The sleeve q' remains stationary unless displaced by hand in the mannerhereinafter explained. The sleeve q, on the contrary, is caused toconstantly rotate by the main shaft and is at the same time displacedlaterally by the governor. Figs. 11 and 12 show the relative positionsof Q and q after the part q has partly moved over t-he part q'.

If full steam is to enter the cylinder at the commencement of working,the positions of q and q' will be as shown in Figs. 9 and 1l. When themachine has attained its full velocity, the parts q and q should occupythe positions shown inFigs. l0 and l2. intermediate position the sleeveq is displaced laterally by the governor and the steam-admissionapertures are rendered larger or smaller, so that the necessaryexpansion is produced.

The governor is'arranged wit-hin the body ofthe turbine. It consists,essentially, of two cylindrical hollow bodies uit', which are displacedin the manner of pistons in corresponding recesses in the body c of theturbine. Spiral springs o 'u' press these pistons In the' inward, whileduring the rotation centrifugal. pezium-shaped apertures therein forcontrolforce tends to force them outward. The sprin gs bear againstclosing-plates o2. Toothed rods u2 are connected with the pistons andengage with a toothed wheel fus common toy them both. This wheel ismounted upon the sleeve h2, which, as previously explained, is capableof displacement but not of a movementof translation upon the shaft andwhich carries the drivers fr r2. It is therefore obvious that when owingto centrifugal force the pistonsul u' are forced outward the sleeve b2will rotate upon, the shaft b, thus displacing the. steam-admissionsleeve c, so that a smaller quantity of steam can enter the cylinderthrough the steam-passage t'. In order to permit of regulating theexpansion by hand independently of this automatic adjustment of thesteam-admission aperture, a second sleeve q is mounted upon the socketq, and this second sleeve is also provided with triangular or trapeziumshaped steam-passages 118. This second sleeve q may be displaced bymeans of a leverw, operated from outside by the iutermediaryof a rod w'and handle w?, Figs. l and 3. Instead of this lever w any convenientmeans may be employed for this purpose-such, for example, as a shorttoothed rod on the sleeve and a toothed segment on the rod w.

For the purpose of protecting the shaft b from axial pressure upon oneside there is provided upon the shaft-a 'fillet h3, which is situated ina recess, Fig. l, that side of this latter to the left hand of thefillet being in communication with the atmosphere by means of a passageb, while the right-hand side communicates, by means of a passage b5,which passes through the middle of the shaft b, with theliermetically-closed steam-chamber within the drum. The fillet h3 istherefore exposed to different pressures upon each side, and by makingthis fillet of suitable size it is possible to equalize the pressureupon either side in such a manner that the shaft b works without lateralpressure in the drum d under varying pressures.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is-

l. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston arranged to rotate insaid casing, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, a ring adjacent to said drum, and a bar connected with saidring and forming a steam-tight joint with said drum.

2. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston arranged to rotate insaid casing, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, a ring adjacent to said drum, a bar connected with said ringand forming a steam-tight joint with said drum, and aplurality ofmetallic strips for eiecting adjustment of said bar.

3. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston arranged to rotate insaid casing, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, and a sleeve having traling the supply of steam to saidpiston.

e 4c. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a piston arranged to rotatein said casing, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, a pair of perforated sleeves for controlling the supply ofsteam to one surrounding the other, and automatic means for regulatingthe movement of said sleeves. i

6. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a shaft in said casing, a pistonon said shaft adapted to rotate in said casing, a drum surrounding saidpiston and arranged to rotate therewith, a turbine on said shaft, a pairof perforated sleeves Vfor controlling the supply of steam to saidpiston, and automatic means controlled by said turbine for regulatingsaid sleeves.

7. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a pair of steam-chambers in saidcasing, a shaft, a turbine on saidV shaft operatingin one of saidsteam-chambers, a rotary piston on said shaft in the other of saidsteamchambers, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, a passage between said steamchambers, a pair of perforatedsleeves controlling said passage, and means for regulating said sleeves.

8. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a pair of steam-chambers in saidcasing, a shaft, aturbine on said shaft operatingin one of saidsteam-chambers, a rotary piston on said shaft in the other of saidsteamchambers, a drum surrounding said piston and arranged to rotatetherewith, a passage between said steamchambers, a pair of perforatedsleeves controlling said passage, and automatic means controlled by saidturbine for regulating said sleeves.

9. A rotary engine comprising a casing, a pair of steam-chambers in saidcasin g, a shaft, a turbine on said sha-ft in one of said steamchambers,a rotary balanced piston on said shaft in the other of saidsteam-chambers, a

drum surrounding said piston and arrangedY to rotate therewith, apassage connecting said steam-chambers, means controlled by said turbinefor regulating said passage, a sleeve surrounding said shaft andconnected with said casing, said sleeve having a chamber therein, acollar on'said shaft arranged within the chamber in said sleeve, acommunication between the interior of saidcasing and one side of thechamber in said sleeve, and a communication between the opposite side ofthe chamber in said sleeve and the atmosphere.

l0. An engine comprising a pair of chambers, a rotary piston in one ofsaid chambers,

IOO

IIO

a turbine in the other of said chambers, a pasa turbine in the other ofsaid chambers, a passage connecting said chambers, and perfosageconnecting said chambers, and perforated sleeves for controlling saidpassage. rated sleeves, operated by said turbine for 11. An enginecomprising a pair of chamcontrolling said passage. v5

5 bers, a rotary piston in one of said chambers, In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set a turbine in the other of said chambers, a pasmy hand,in presence of two subscribing Witsage connecting said chambers, andautomatnesses, this 7th day of July, 1902. ically-operated perforatedsleeves for controlling said passage.

ro 12. An engine comprising a pair of chambers, a rotary piston in oneof said chambers,

ARTHUR PATSCHKE. Witnesses:

PETER LIEBER, WM. EssENWEIN.

